Faim dans le monde : Répondre à la crise actuelle avec l’avenir en ligne de mire

[tweetquote:[tweetText=With just seven years to go, the world is even further off track in its efforts to eliminate hunger by 2030. A scaled-up and well-coordinated response is urgently needed. ,tweetData=WBG_Agriculture,tweetHash=]]With just seven years to go, the world is even further off track in its efforts to eliminate hunger by 2030. A scaled-up and well-coordinated response is urgently needed.

In the face of conflict, numerous economic shocks, and extreme weather events fanned by the changing climate, the world’s efforts to tackle food insecurity continue to fall short of what is required. The number of people going hungry has been gradually rising since 2015, before accelerating sharply in 2020 in response to the pandemic and conflict. This trend shows no signs of abating in the near term—meaning the task of achieving Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2, of “Zero Hunger” by 2030, is growing more formidable.

The rising frequency and intensity of floods, droughts, and other extreme weather events weighs on global supplies of wheat and other crucial commodities, and this has been exacerbated by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. Moreover, surging sovereign debt levels, combined with currency depreciation in many markets, tightening financial conditions, and high food inflation and fertilizer prices, are making it difficult for acutely food-insecure nations to respond effectively.

With just seven years left to achieve SDG 2, the world needs to urgently scale up responses aimed at eliminating hunger. A coordinated approach to the widespread food and nutrition crisis will be critical; we cannot allow the development gains made in recent decades to be reversed. On our current trajectory, it is estimated that nearly 670 million people—8 percent of the world population—will still be undernourished at the end of the decade, with the most severe cases in “hunger hotspot” countries. This is the same number of people who were undernourished in 2015, the year the SDGs were created.

Right support, right place, right timeThe World Bank Group is working to provide the right support, in the right place, and at the right time to meet the world’s food security needs both now and in the longer term. We are leading the global food crisis response through a targeted and scaled up multi-sectoral approach.

As of end-March 2023, the World Bank Group’s food and nutrition security commitments delivered since April 2022 is almost $16 billion, nearly evenly split between short-term responses ($8.8 billion) and long-term resilience efforts ($7.2 billion). Our financing has expanded to reach 86 countries, with about 60 percent in Africa and covering nearly every hunger hotspot. We expect to strengthen food and nutrition security for more than 296 million beneficiaries in the coming years. Almost half of these beneficiaries live in countries affected by fragility, conflict, and violence, and half are women.

Flexible and scalable social protection are an important response to food and nutrition insecurity. Approximately $2.3 billion has been delivered for food and nutrition security across 42 operations since April 2022. Nearly 42 million people are expected to benefit from this social protection support, almost half of whom live in Africa. There is a notable role for these interventions to boost women’s agency and economic empowerment by targeting approaches to female-headed households.

As we work to meet short-term needs, we are also investing in improving the resilience of the food system, which is both a victim and catalyst of climate change. Climate change is affecting the stability of food systems by slowing global agricultural productivity growth and increasing extreme weather events. To help address this crisis, the World Bank has approved financing of $385 million for a groundwater resilience program in the Horn of Africa and $432.5 million for drought risk mitigation in Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya, and Somalia. We are also helping countries respond efficiently to future emergencies through the preparation of Food Security Crisis Preparedness Plans, which are being rolled out in 26 countries.

Knowledge is critical in the World Bank’s response efforts. Teams across our institution are generating analytical work that help ensure effective short-term response, as well as strengthening our efforts towards building long-term resilience. We provide advisory services and analytics on agricultural trade policies and their role in maintaining food security, with the aim of helping countries transform their food systems and get back on track to achieving SDG 2.

Finally, our response is implemented in close coordination with external partners. We serve as the Secretariat for the Global Alliance on Food Security and we will meet with partners at a global level at the UN Food Systems Summit in July this year. This event brings development partners and countries together to take stock of progress made towards the SDGs and renew their commitment to building food system resilience.

Responding to the global food and nutrition security crisis comes with immense challenges, including operating in environments with macroeconomic fragility, weak governance and conflict, economic instability, unfavorable business environments and policy distortions, and continued global supply chain constraints. At the same time, the crisis has created opportunities to address structural problems and build resilience.

The World Bank Group is uniquely positioned to mobilize support, leveraging its knowledge, financing, and partnerships at the global, regional, and country levels to get back on track to achieving zero hunger by 2030.

[tweetquote:[tweetText=With just seven years to go, the world is even further off track in its efforts to eliminate hunger by 2030. A scaled-up and well-coordinated response is urgently needed. ,tweetData=WBG_Agriculture,tweetHash=]]With just seven years to go, the world is even further off track in its efforts to eliminate hunger by 2030. A scaled-up and well-coordinated response is urgently needed.

In the face of conflict, numerous economic shocks, and extreme weather events fanned by the changing climate, the world’s efforts to tackle food insecurity continue to fall short of what is required. The number of people going hungry has been gradually rising since 2015, before accelerating sharply in 2020 in response to the pandemic and conflict. This trend shows no signs of abating in the near term—meaning the task of achieving Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2, of “Zero Hunger” by 2030, is growing more formidable.

The rising frequency and intensity of floods, droughts, and other extreme weather events weighs on global supplies of wheat and other crucial commodities, and this has been exacerbated by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. Moreover, surging sovereign debt levels, combined with currency depreciation in many markets, tightening financial conditions, and high food inflation and fertilizer prices, are making it difficult for acutely food-insecure nations to respond effectively.

With just seven years left to achieve SDG 2, the world needs to urgently scale up responses aimed at eliminating hunger. A coordinated approach to the widespread food and nutrition crisis will be critical; we cannot allow the development gains made in recent decades to be reversed. On our current trajectory, it is estimated that nearly 670 million people—8 percent of the world population—will still be undernourished at the end of the decade, with the most severe cases in “hunger hotspot” countries. This is the same number of people who were undernourished in 2015, the year the SDGs were created.

Right support, right place, right time

The World Bank Group is working to provide the right support, in the right place, and at the right time to meet the world’s food security needs both now and in the longer term. We are leading the global food crisis response through a targeted and scaled up multi-sectoral approach.

As of end-March 2023, the World Bank Group’s food and nutrition security commitments delivered since April 2022 is almost $16 billion, nearly evenly split between short-term responses ($8.8 billion) and long-term resilience efforts ($7.2 billion). Our financing has expanded to reach 86 countries, with about 60 percent in Africa and covering nearly every hunger hotspot. We expect to strengthen food and nutrition security for more than 296 million beneficiaries in the coming years. Almost half of these beneficiaries live in countries affected by fragility, conflict, and violence, and half are women.

Flexible and scalable social protection are an important response to food and nutrition insecurity. Approximately $2.3 billion has been delivered for food and nutrition security across 42 operations since April 2022. Nearly 42 million people are expected to benefit from this social protection support, almost half of whom live in Africa. There is a notable role for these interventions to boost women’s agency and economic empowerment by targeting approaches to female-headed households.

As we work to meet short-term needs, we are also investing in improving the resilience of the food system, which is both a victim and catalyst of climate change. Climate change is affecting the stability of food systems by slowing global agricultural productivity growth and increasing extreme weather events. To help address this crisis, the World Bank has approved financing of $385 million for a groundwater resilience program in the Horn of Africa and $432.5 million for drought risk mitigation in Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya, and Somalia. We are also helping countries respond efficiently to future emergencies through the preparation of Food Security Crisis Preparedness Plans, which are being rolled out in 26 countries.

Knowledge is critical in the World Bank’s response efforts. Teams across our institution are generating analytical work that help ensure effective short-term response, as well as strengthening our efforts towards building long-term resilience. We provide advisory services and analytics on agricultural trade policies and their role in maintaining food security, with the aim of helping countries transform their food systems and get back on track to achieving SDG 2.

Finally, our response is implemented in close coordination with external partners. We serve as the Secretariat for the Global Alliance on Food Security and we will meet with partners at a global level at the UN Food Systems Summit in July this year. This event brings development partners and countries together to take stock of progress made towards the SDGs and renew their commitment to building food system resilience.

Responding to the global food and nutrition security crisis comes with immense challenges, including operating in environments with macroeconomic fragility, weak governance and conflict, economic instability, unfavorable business environments and policy distortions, and continued global supply chain constraints. At the same time, the crisis has created opportunities to address structural problems and build resilience.

The World Bank Group is uniquely positioned to mobilize support, leveraging its knowledge, financing, and partnerships at the global, regional, and country levels to get back on track to achieving zero hunger by 2030.

À sept ans seulement de l’échéance de 2030, l’élimination de la faim dans le monde semble plus que jamais hors de portée. Ce constat appelle à une action urgente, renforcée et bien coordonnée.

Dans un monde en proie aux conflits, aux chocs économiques et à des phénomènes météorologiques extrêmes exacerbés par le changement climatique, les efforts déployés pour vaincre l’insécurité alimentaire ne sont toujours pas à la hauteur des besoins. [tweetquote:[tweetText=Le nombre de personnes souffrant de la faim est en hausse depuis 2015, et cette tendance s'est fortement accélérée en 2020 à la suite de la pandémie et de la guerre.,tweetData=Banquemondiale,tweetHash=]] Elle ne devrait pas s'améliorer à court terme, ce qui compromet toujours plus la réalisation du deuxième des Objectifs de développement durable (ODD) : éradiquer la faim dans le monde à l’horizon 2030.

Alors que la fréquence et l’intensité croissantes des inondations, des sécheresses et d’autres phénomènes météorologiques extrêmes provoquent des tensions sur l’offre mondiale de blé et d’autres denrées de base, la situation s'est encore aggravée avec l’invasion de l’Ukraine par la Russie. En outre, les États aux prises avec une insécurité alimentaire aiguë ont d’autant moins les moyens d’y faire face efficacement qu’ils sont confrontés à une explosion de leur dette publique, conjuguée à des dépréciations monétaires sur de nombreux marchés, à un resserrement des conditions financières, à une forte inflation alimentaire et au renchérissement des engrais

[tweetquote:[tweetText=À sept ans seulement de l’échéance de 2030, le monde doit de toute urgence redoubler d'efforts pour parvenir à atteindre l’ODD 2 et éliminer la faim.,tweetData=Banquemondiale,tweetHash=]] Face à une crise alimentaire et nutritionnelle de grande ampleur, il faut une réponse coordonnée. Nous ne pouvons pas accepter de voir réduites à néant les avancées accomplies ces dernières années sur le front du développement. Au rythme actuel, près de 670 millions de personnes, soit 8 % de la population mondiale, seront encore sous-alimentées à la fin de la décennie. Ce chiffre est identique à celui de l’année 2015, quand ont été lancés les ODD.

Le bon soutien, au bon endroit, au bon moment

Le Groupe de la Banque mondiale s’emploie à apporter le bon soutien, au bon endroit et au bon moment afin de contribuer à la sécurité alimentaire mondiale, aujourd’hui et à long terme. Son action repose sur une approche multisectorielle ciblée et renforcée.

[tweetquote:[tweetText=Entre avril 2022 et fin mars 2023, les nouveaux engagements du Groupe de la Banque mondiale en faveur de la sécurité alimentaire et nutritionnelle se sont élevés à près de 16 milliards de dollars,tweetData=Banquemondiale,tweetHash=]], répartis à peu près également entre interventions à court terme (8,8 milliards de dollars) et renforcement de la résilience à long terme (7,2 milliards de dollars). Ces financements ont concerné 86 pays, dont environ 60 % en Afrique, et la quasi-totalité des « foyers de faim » dans le monde. Au cours des prochaines années, ce sont plus de 296 millions de personnes qui devraient en bénéficier. Environ 50 % d’entre elles vivent dans des pays en situation de fragilité, de conflit et de violence, et la moitié sont des femmes.

[tweetquote:[tweetText=La mise en place de programmes de protection sociale flexibles et modulables tient une place importante dans la lutte contre l’insécurité alimentaire et nutritionnelle.,tweetData=Banquemondiale,tweetHash=]] Depuis avril 2022, la Banque a ainsi mobilisé environ 2,3 milliards de dollars dans le cadre de 42 opérations. Quelque 42 millions de personnes devraient bénéficier de cet appui aux filets sociaux, dont près de la moitié vivent en Afrique. Qui plus est, ces interventions peuvent en même temps permettre de promouvoir la capacité d’agir et l’autonomisation économique des femmes en s'efforçant de cibler les ménages dirigés par une femme.

Les efforts déployés par la Banque mondiale pour répondre aux besoins à court terme s'accompagnent d’investissements visant à améliorer la résilience du système alimentaire, à la fois victime et cause du changement climatique. Les dérèglements du climat fragilisent la stabilité des systèmes alimentaires en ralentissant la croissance de la productivité agricole mondiale et en intensifiant les phénomènes météorologiques extrêmes. Pour tenter d’y remédier, la Banque mondiale a notamment approuvé un financement de 385 millions de dollars en faveur d’un programme pour la gestion des eaux souterraines et la résilience dans la Corne de l’Afrique ; elle a également fourni 432,5 millions de dollars afin d’atténuer les risques de sécheresse à Djibouti, en Éthiopie, au Kenya et en Somalie. Un autre axe de son action consiste à aider les pays à répondre plus efficacement aux futures situations d’urgence en se dotant d’un plan de préparation national aux crises de sécurité alimentaire ; cette initiative est actuellement déployée dans 26 pays.

La production de connaissances occupe une place centrale dans les efforts de la Banque mondiale contre l'insécurité alimentaire. Ses équipes, dans l’ensemble de l’institution, réalisent des travaux d’analyse sur lesquels étayer des interventions efficaces à court terme et une action plus solide en faveur d’une plus grande résilience à long terme. La Banque fournit aussi des services de conseil et d’analyse sur les politiques commerciales agricoles et leur rôle dans le maintien de la sécurité alimentaire, dans le but d’aider les pays à transformer leurs systèmes alimentaires et à regagner du terrain sur la voie de l’ODD 2.

Enfin, la Banque agit en étroite coordination avec ses partenaires. Elle assure le secrétariat de l’Alliance mondiale pour la sécurité alimentaire (a) et retrouvera ses partenaires au mois de juillet, lors du Sommet des Nations Unies sur les systèmes alimentaires (a). Cet évènement rassemblera les pays et leurs partenaires de développement afin de faire le point sur les progrès accomplis dans la réalisation des ODD et renouveler leur engagement à renforcer la résilience des systèmes alimentaires.

La lutte contre l’insécurité alimentaire et nutritionnelle s’accompagne d’immenses difficultés, car elle implique souvent d’agir dans des environnements en proie à des fragilités macroéconomiques, une gouvernance défaillante et des conflits. À cela s’ajoutent l’instabilité économique, un cadre peu propice à l’entreprise privée, les distorsions créées par les politiques agricoles et les tensions persistantes sur les chaînes d’approvisionnement mondiales. Dans le même temps, la crise alimentaire peut être une source d'opportunités et l’occasion de résoudre des problèmes structurels et de renforcer la résilience.

Forte de ses connaissances, de ses financements et de ses partenariats à l’échelle mondiale, régionale et nationale, la Banque occupe une place privilégiée pour mobiliser les soutiens qui permettront de se rapprocher de l’ODD 2 et d’atteindre l’objectif « faim zéro » en 2030.