Haïti

Cette étude revient sur la première décennie de ce millénaire en Haïti, où une situation déplorable de mauvaise gouvernance et de corruption a sérieusement miné le ... Afficher plus + pays et la vie à l’échelle nationale. Les institutions publiques continuent à ne pas être en mesure d’offrir des services de base de qualité à la population. Au cours des cinq dernière années, l’ampleur de la corruption est devenue une source de préoccupation pour le gouvernement du pays, les membres des organisations de la société civile et les institutions internationales. Afin d’élaborer des politiques pour lutter contre la mauvaise gouvernance, il est d’abord nécessaire de réaliser une enquête diagnostique et une étude exhaustive sur la gouvernance et la corruption. À cette fin, le gouvernement haïtien, en partenariat avec des représentants de la société civile et avec l’aide technique du World Bank Institute, a lancé en 2005 une enquête diagnostique exhaustive sur la gouvernance et la corruption en Haïti pour mesurer et localiser les vulnérabilités institutionnelles afin de bien cibler les réformes. Le présent rapport expose les résultats de ces efforts. Afficher moins -

Haiti's development is limited by high population pressure, poverty, dependence on agricultural income, and low agricultural technology, resulting in over-utilizati... Afficher plus + on of land and severe erosion. Industry has been unable to provide employment opportunitites that would alleviate both the population presssure on scarce agricultural land and the urban poverty. Inadequate government resoures indicate a need for major fiscal reforms and the centralized political and administrative system has resulted in marked spatial imbalances. Policies to reduce the most crucial constraints to development identified in this report include: strengthening the government, largely through measures to improve the quality of staff; increasing agricultural production; and strengthening support services for industrial development. Policy measures must be developed to improve economic performance and avoid a balance-of-payments crisis. A major aspect is the strengthening of the country's absorptive capacity to allow for increased financial assistance. Afficher moins -

After more than a decade of stagnation Haiti's GDP has begun to grow at a satisfactory pace between 1968-91971, with recovery particulary evident in construction, m... Afficher plus + anufacturing, government, and services including tourism. the country's resource base is quite poor, and the absence of easy communications is a major obstacle to development. Nevertheless, the tourist sector affords favorable prospects, and the agricultural output of existing irrigation schemes could be doubled. Reconstruction of the two major highways is urgently required; other capital-intensive investments are needed in power, telecommunications, and irrigation. In most sectors there is a greater need for modest labor-intensive rehabilitation and maintenance efforts. Haiti's fiscal performance has suffered from excessive complication of the system; simplification, notably through a selective reduction in earmarked revenues, is needed. Haiti has maintained free convertibility without exchange rate adjustment, but adequate mobilization of domestic saving has not been assured. Haiti can experience some growth in the 1970s but it will require increased amounts of external assistance, improved producer incentives, and judicious public investment. Afficher moins -